食品生物化学第4章 蛋白质protein

imary structure of insulin was determined by British molecular biologist Frederick Sanger . It was the first protein to have its sequence be determined. He was awarded the 1958 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this work. ? In 1969, after decades of work, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin determined the spatial conformation of the molecule, the so-called tertiary structure , by means of X- ray diffraction studies. She had been awarded a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1964 for the development of crystallography 胰岛素与科学发展: ( (3 3)物质转运)物质转运如如: :红细胞里的血红蛋白输送红细胞里的血红蛋白输送氧气,将氧气从肺转运到其他组织;血清蛋氧气,将氧气从肺转运到其他组织;血清蛋白将脂肪酸从脂肪组织转运到各器官。白将脂肪酸从脂肪组织转运到各器官。( (4 4)防御和进攻)防御和进攻免疫球蛋白(抗体),抗免疫球蛋白(抗体),抗体是在外来的蛋白质或其他高分子化合物即体是在外来的蛋白质或其他高分子化合物即所谓抗原的影响下由淋巴细胞产生,并能与所谓抗原的影响下由淋巴细胞产生,并能与相应的抗原结合而排除外来物质对生物体的相应的抗原结合而排除外来物质对生物体的干扰。干扰。