ld semantics)?2 verbs, adjectives , adverbs: carefully?3 abstract nouns； joy, courage, impulse, hope, democracy 4 sentence , five, I, heР第8页/共60页РРР2 conceptualist view?Meaning is the concept or idea in the mind:?“chair”does not refer to a specific chair, but to the concept of all the chair in the world.Р第9页/共60页РРРSemantic triangle(语义三角论) or semiotic triangle developed by Odgen and Richards: symbol, thought and referent(指称物) or sign,meaning, and object:? thought or reference? symbolizes ／ ﹨ refers to? sign or symbol -----------------referent or object? stands for ? There is no direct relation between symbol and the referent, linguistic expressions relates to the real world only through their meaningР第10页/共60页
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