新生儿惊厥ppt课件

兴奋剂、异烟肼、氨茶碱、有机磷?原因不明?约占新生儿惊厥2%Р病因Р8Р病因Р新生儿惊厥发生率РHypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy?Intracranial hemorrhage?Cerebral infarction?Cerebral malformations?Meningitis/septicemia?Metabolic? Hypoglycemia? Hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia? Hypo/Hypernatremia? Inborn errors of metabolism? Pyridoxine deficiency? Kernicterus? Hyperammonemia?Maternal drug withdrawal?Idiopathic?Benign idiopathic neonatal seizures?Neonatal epileptic syndromes?Congenital infections?Unintentional injection of local anesthetic during labor?Maternal vitamin D deficiencyР30-53%?7-17%?6-17%?3-17%?2-14%Р0.1-1.5%?4-22%Р3-4%Р1%Р4%?2%?1%Р9Р临床表现Р新生儿脑与间脑和脑干连接的边缘系统较为高级,则惊厥通常表现为口-颊-舌的运动(吸吮、咀嚼),眼球运动异常或呼吸暂停?新生儿很少发生有节律的全身强直-阵挛发作,源于新生儿传导惊厥的皮层系统如突触连接和髓鞘发育还不成熟?新生儿惊厥分为4种类型:微小型(subtle)、阵挛型(clonic)、强直型(tonic)和肌阵挛型(myoclonic)?80%新生儿惊厥发生在生后1~2天至生后1周Р10