rowing problem ?Prevalence - 5.1 million (NHANES 2007-2010)?670,000 new cases per year?Over 56,000 deaths per year ?Cost - 32 billion (2013 estimate)?Leading reason for admission among patients > 65 years old?Over 1 million discharges in 2010РAHA Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics 2013 – Circ 2013;127:e6-e245Р心衰死亡常见原因:Р功能衰竭 59%?心律失常 13%?心源性猝死 13%Р心衰猝死的原因:? 恶性室性心律失常? 急性心肌梗死? 肺栓塞? 心脏破裂Р死亡常见原因РPart I: ?Pathophysiology of Heart FailureР1 Adapted from Cohn JN. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:490–498.?2 He J, Ogden LG, Bazzano LA, et al. Risk Factors for Congestive Heart Failure in US Men and women: ?NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study. Arch Intern Med 2001, 161: 996-1002.Р病理重构Р左室收缩功能Р死亡Р症状:?气促?乏力?水肿Р慢性心?力衰竭Р神经内分泌系统激活?内皮功能障碍?心肌毒性?血管收缩?水钠潴留Р心律失常Р心泵衰竭Р左心室心肌受损Р心力衰竭的病理生理过程Р冠心病?心肌病?瓣膜病?其他(感染、毒物、药物)Р内皮功能障碍
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