妇产科妊娠时限异常课件

南方医科大学南方医院妇产科王薇妊妊娠娠时时限限异异常常 42周 41 +6周 37周 36 +6周 28周 13周27 +6周 12 +6周过期产足月产早产晚期流产早期流产妊娠时限流产 abortion ?定义?病因?病理?临床表现?诊断?治疗定义 definition ?妊娠不足 28 周,胎儿体重不足 1000 g而终止者早期流产( early abortion ) : < 妊娠 13周晚期流产( late abortion ) :13 周~28 周病因 etiology ?胎儿遗传基因缺陷?环境因素?母体因素?胎盘内分泌功能不足?免疫因素?父方因素?不明原因遗传基因缺陷? Over 15% of fertilized ova do not divide. ? Fifteen percent are lost before implantation.(first week) ? Approximately 25% are lost during implantation.(second week) ? 10% are lost following the first missed menses. In about 60% of spontaneous abortions occurring during the first trimester,there is an abnormal karyotype. 环境因素?物理因素:放射线、辐射?化学因素:毒物、药物母体因素?全身性疾病:高血压、感染等?生殖器官疾病:畸形、肿瘤、宫颈病变?内分泌失调:黄体功能不足?创伤: 免疫因素?细胞免疫中介机制?抗体免疫中介机制抗体免疫所致病因?抗磷脂抗体?封闭抗体?抗精子抗体?抗滋养叶抗体