dystrophyIncreasedpulmonaryworkload:pliance,increasedobstructionIncreasedCO2production:fever,seizure,malignant?hyperthermiaIncreaseddeadspace:V/Qmismatch(ventilationof?non-perfusedlung)PHYSICALEXAMTachypneaDyspneaRetractionsNasalflaringGruntingDiaphoresisTachycardiaHypertensionAlteredmentalstatusConfusionAgitationRestlessnessSomnolenceCyanosis(need5mg/dlofunoxygenatedblood)CXRFINDINGSCXRmaybenormalifproblemiswithupperairwayCanseehyperinflation,atelectasis,infiltrate,cardiomegalyAdditionalstudiesmaybeneeded,e.g.,chestCT,bariumswallow,echocardiogramBLOODGASForanyagepatient,breathingroomair,respiratoryfailureisdefinedasarterialpCO2>50mmHgorarterialpO2<60mmHg.Ifthepatientishyperventilating,anormalpCO2isdisturbing.Theabovedefinitionassumestheabsenceofananatomicshunt.pensatorymetabolicalkalosis.
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