excitement? NANC: VIP receptor ↓? bronchial smooth muscle dilation? asthmatic airway: a1、M1、M3、PS↑/ β、M2、VIP↓РMechanism: airway inflammation theoryРantigen? ↓? allergic airway inflammation, AAI ECP? ↑ MBP? inflammatory cells →inflammatory media LTs? EOS ↓ PAF? neutrophils late asthmatic reaction, LAR? T lymphocyte(Th1/Th2↓)? ↓? Th2 cytokine IL-3、4、5,GM-CSF →IgE↑РOther mechanisms: induced factorsРAllergen: pollen, acarus?infection: virus or mycoplasmal infection?climate and physical and chemical factors ?drugs: aspirin induced asthma, AIA? β-receptor inhibitor?heredity?Gastroesophageal reflux disease, GERD?Psychological, incretion factors, sportsРDiagnosis standards of asthmaРsymptoms?signs?recovered ways?except other cardiac and pulmonary diseases?lung function examination→untypical asthma
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