nces of the ubiquitin ligases in neural development, neural function and nervous system diseases. Р Further work in this area will hold great promise toward the understanding细胞生物学杂志 of life science and treatment of a wide Р 细胞生物学杂志range of neurodegenerative diseases. Р Key words ubiquitylation; ubiquitin-protein ligase (E3 ligase); development; nervous system disease; Р neurodegenerati ve diseases Р Received: September 27 , 2008 Accepted: March 5, 2009 细胞生物学杂志细胞生物学杂志Р This work was supported by the Shanghai Metropolitan Fund for Research and Development (No.07DJ14005) Р细胞生物学杂志*Corresponding author. Tel: 86-21-54237296, Fax: 86-21-64174579, E-mail: huangf@shmu. Р Р 细胞生物学杂志Р Р 细胞生物学杂志Р 细胞生物学杂志Р Р 细胞生物学杂志细胞生物学杂志Р Р Р 细胞生物学杂志Р细胞生物学杂志Р Р Р 细胞生物学杂志Р 细胞生物学杂志Р Р 细胞生物学杂志Р Р Р Р 细胞生物学杂志Р Р Р 细胞生物学杂志