acing.Thesetwoindicatorsetsdonotconstitutepartoftheeaseofdoingbusinessranking.Researchdemonstratesacausalrelationshipbetweeneconomicfreedomandgrossdomesticproduct(GDP)growth,wherefreedomregardingwagesandprices,propertyrights,andlicensingrequirementsleadstoeconomicdevelopment.2Ofthe190economiesmeasuredbyDoingBusiness2020,overageofprivatelyownedland.Allprivatelyheldlandplotsareformallyregisteredinonly3%oflow-eeconomies.Overall,ontheregisteringpropertyindicatorset,overageofprivatelyownedlandindex,12onthetransparencyofinformationindex,and31onthereliabil-ityofinfrastructureindex.Globally,propertyregistrationprocessesremainmostinefficientintheSouthAsiaandSub-SaharanAfricaregions.DoingBusiness2020showsthateffectivenessoftradingacrossbordersalsovariessignificantlyfromeconomytoeconomy.Economiesthat