significant coronary artery disease.Р Often triggered by emotional or physical stress.РPathogenesisРUnclear?Possible causes :? 1. Catecholamine (儿茶酚胺) excess? ? ? ? 2. Coronary artery spasm(痉挛)РClinical FeatureРMuch mon in women (~90%), especially postmenopausal(绝经的) women РMean age 58-75 years РEmotional or physical Triggers: ? death of loved one, other catastrophic news, devastating financial losses,natural disasters, physical illness, etcРClinical FeatureРSubsternal chest painРDyspneaРShockРSyncopeРElevated cardiac biomarkersРClinical FeatureРECG abnormalities?ST elevation (usually anterior precordial leads)?ST depression?T wave inversion?QT prolongation?Abnormal Q wavesРAcute left ventricular systolic dysfunction evident on echocardiography РNo angiographically coronary artery disease
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