olforclarifyingthestructureandmeaningofprograms.eptabilityoftheroleconceptandoftheindividualrolesinnovice-levelobject-orientedprogramming.9RolesofVariablesinOOP(cont)Theinvestigationconsistedofashorttutorialonroles,abrieftrainingsessiononassigningrolestovariables,atestevaluatingthesubjects'abilitytoassignroles,andasetofopenquestionsconcerningtheiropinionsofroles.puterscienceeducatorswereanalyzed.Everyrolewasidentifiedatleastby50%accuracy,andintypicalusesofvariablesby70-100%accuracy.mentsontheroleconceptingeneralweremostlypositive.Therolesetusedintheinvestigationturnedouttobesuitablefordescribingvariableusageinnovice-levelprogrammingwithsomesupplements.Thestudysuggeststhatmorerolesareneededinnovice-levelobject-orientedprogrammingthaninnovice-levelproceduralprogramming..fi/~saja/var_roles/10
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