支气管扩张症及支气管扩张咯血护理? Р ? 随州市中心医院呼吸内科? 刘岩Р支气管扩张bronchiectasisР一概念:? 由于支气管及其周围组织慢性炎症及支气管阻塞,引起支气管组织结构较严重的病理性破坏,以致不可逆的支气管管腔的扩张和变形。Р支气管扩张bronchiectasisРThis is a bronchogram that demonstrates ular bronchiectasis on the right in the lower lobe. ?The contrast media fills dilated bronchi, giving a ular, dilated outline.РCT 正常. 支气管扩张Р支气管扩张bronchiectasisРShows dilated airways in both lower lobes and in the lingula. ?When seen in cross section, the dilated airways have a ringlike appearance.Р二病因和发病机制Р重要发病因素:? 支气管-肺组织感染? 支气管阻塞?先天发育缺损和遗传因素:?机体免疫功能失调:Р病因和发病机制Р(二)支气管先天性发育缺损和遗传因素:? 巨大气管-支气管症、Kartagener综合症、肺囊性纤维化、遗传性a1抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症。Р病因和发病机制Р(三)机体免疫功能失调? 免疫性疾病如类风湿关节炎、Crohn病、溃疡性结肠炎、SLE、支气管哮喘和泛细支气管炎等