态,相当于“exist or happen”(此用法可参考OALD),例如,Pine-trees are found in most European countries.欧洲大多数国家都生长有松树。Pumas are largely found in America.美洲狮主要产于美洲。Р5.2 结构理解不Р1.Who but knows it? 误译:但谁知道呢? 改译:有谁不知道这件事呢?(人人皆知)。Р此句是一个省略句,正常的句子是 Who is there but knows it? 在此句中,But 是关系代词系代词,相当于“who not /that not”。需要指出的是,but与否定词连用且所引导的句子中无主语时,but相当于关系代词that...not或 who...not,引导一个表示否定意义的定语从句;but 与否定词连用但其所引导的句子中有主语时,but相当于连词,意为that... not或 when...not。例如,There is no rule but=which not has exceptions. 凡规则皆有例外。There was no one present but cried at the scene.看到这种情景,在场的人没有一个不落泪的。Justice is never done but some people will be found plain.裁判虽公,仍不免有人作不平之鸣。but的这些特殊用法,翻译时应特别注意,稍有不甚,就会出现错误。Р2.A man is known by pany he keeps.误译:一个人的朋友最了解自己。改译:观其友而知其人。英语中被人知道或了解是be known to 而非 be known by此句可看作A man is known to us by pany he keeps中
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