erence M' is its ion. We will focus on equilibria in which M isР Dissociation equilibria that involve anions otherРclude formation pounds of low volatility. disso- of phosphate in the determination of calcium. The same a metal atom.Р than oxygen may also influence flame emission and ab-Рciation reactions, and ionization. . two species have also been used as releasing agents for The equilibrium constant K for this reaction takesР sorption. For example, the line intensity for sodium isР the determination of magnesium in the presence of alu- the formР markedly decreased by the presence of HCI. A likelyР minum. In botb instances, the strontium or lanthanumР explanation is the mass-action effect on the equilibrium [MlfeJР replaces the analyte in pound formed with theР interfering species. [1\[1
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