+ HlO ~3:1 ~180:1 ~200:1 ?非金属元素与碱的反应卤族元素的还原性对歧化反应的影响 Cl 2 + 2NaOH == NaCl + NaClO + H 2 O 3Cl 2 + 6NaOH == 5NaCl + NaClO 3 + 3H 2 O Br 2 + 2NaOH == NaBr + NaBrO + H 2 O 3Br 2 + 6NaOH == 5NaBr + NaBrO 3 + 3H 2 O I 2 + 2NaOH == NaI + NaIO + H 2 O 3I 2 + 6NaOH == 5NaI + NaIO 3 + 3H 2 O 碘更容易歧化到高价的碘酸盐>80 ℃ 50 ℃?非金属元素与碱的反应 H Li Be Mg B Al C C Si N NP O OS F Cl BrI At Ge As Sb Se Te Po BC Si NP OS F Cl Br I At As Se Te F 2在碱性条件下的反应 F 2 + NaOH == NaF + HFO 2F 2 + 2H 2 O == 4HF + O 2↑ HFO + H 2 O == HF + H 2O 2 2HFO == 2HF + O 2↑卤族元素与碱反应的性质卤族元素的歧化反应?非金属元素与碱的反应 H Li Be Mg B Al C C Si N NP O OS F Cl BrI At Ge As Sb Se Te Po BC Si NP OS F Cl Br I At As Se Te X 2 + 2NaOH == NaX + NaXO + H 2 O 3X 2 + 6NaOH == 5NaX + NaXO 3 + 3H 2 O 单质的反应行为