内分泌系统疾病(2)

Chapter 13???Zhou HongyanРThe Endocrine System DiseasesРРdiffuse nontoxic goiterРdiffuse toxic goiterРdiabetes mellitusРРРРРРРРpituitaryРРРРthyroidРhypothalamusРTRHРTSHРT3 ,T4РРРРTGРT3РT4РРTGРT3РT4РРРI-РI-РРРРpituitaryРРРРthyroidРhypothalamusРTRHРРРРI-РРРTSHРT3 ,T4РРdiffuse nontoxic goiter:? or simple goiter?is the most common thyroid ?disease.?types:? endemic goiter ? sporadic goiterРРmost often caused by ?iodine deficiencyРPathogenesis:РРMorphology:?1.diffuse hyperplasia goiter?2.diffuse colloid goiter?3.nodular goiterРР1.diffuse hyperplasia goiter? diffuse enlargement of the? thyroid gland,? smooth and soft;?? the follicles are lined by ? crowded columnar cells,? which may pile up and ? form projections