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明辨性思维完整版课件section06fallacies

上传者:苏堤漫步 |  格式:ppt  |  页数:39 |  大小:3196KB

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port a border fence. People in New York do not support a border fence. Therefore, people in New York do not support people in Kentucky.РDefinitionРinductive fallacy(归纳谬论)РInductive fallacy also called faulty generalization, is a conclusion about all or many instances of a phenomenon that has been reached on the basis of just one or just a few instances of that phenomenon. It is an example of jumping to conclusions.РFor example, If we meet an angry person from a given country, we may suspect that most people in country are often angry.РThinkР所有的演员都是外向的?周迅是个演员?————————————?所以,周迅是外向的Р第一组是演绎论证,因为是从一般到个别,结论严格从前提中得来。演绎论证的最基本要求就是前提一定要正确,才会保证推断正确。?第二组是归纳论证的直观形式,是根据一类事物中的部分对象具有某种属性,从而得出该类事物所有对象都具有某种属性的思维方法。?演绎论证的前提和归纳论证的结论如果有例外,则论证就不成立。Р周迅是外向的?赵薇是外向的?范冰冰是外向的?—————————————?所以,所有的女演员都是外向的Р找出这两组论证的谬误:

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