甲状腺病理2011

南方医科大学病理学系Р甲状腺病理学Р李祖国?E-mail:lizg@РThe butterfly-shaped ?thyroidРThis is the normal appearance of the thyroid gland on the anterior trachea of the neck. The thyroid gland has a right lobe and a left lobe connected by a narrow isthmus. The normal weight of the thyroid is 10 to 30 grams. It cannot easily be palpated on physical examination.Р一、甲状腺Р1、一般结构:被膜(结缔组织)? 包膜深入分隔甲状腺形成小叶。Р2、实质:两种上皮细胞+均质嗜酸性胶状物。Р单层滤泡上皮细胞Р滤泡旁细胞Р滤泡上皮细胞РLM:立方细胞、核圆居中? EM:游离面有微绒毛,粗面内质网丰富,高尔基复合体发达,线粒体、溶酶体较多,含分泌颗粒和胶质小泡。Р功能:合成分泌甲状腺激素(促进机体新? 陈代谢、生长、发育及神经兴奋性)? 过少:呆小症(幼儿)? 分泌甲状腺激素粘液性水肿(成人)? 过多:甲亢Р滤泡上皮细胞Р滤泡旁细胞Р分布:滤泡间或滤泡上皮细胞间。? 形态:数量少、体积大,HE中胞质淡染、? 胞质中有嗜银颗粒、顶部不和滤? 泡腔接触。? 功能:分泌降钙素,促进骨盐沉着,降低? 血钙。Р甲状腺模式图Р毛细血管Р滤泡上皮细胞Р滤泡旁细胞Р胶质Р甲状腺光镜像Р甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞电镜像