英语语法—名词修饰语、同位语和状语

difier)只对中心词做一些补充说明,缺少了它并不影响整个名词词组的所指意义。? ? 后置修饰语的限制性与非限制性比较明显。例如:? a book on English grammar(限制性)? this book, on English grammar(非限制性)Р前置修饰语的限制性不如后置修饰语容易区别。一般说来,在前置修饰语中凡是带有对比含义(Contrastive Meaning)的词语都是限制性修饰语。例如:? The Chinese people are a great people.(表类别,限制性)? China is a great socialist country.(非限制性)Р 限制性修饰语在口语中都要重读,当修饰语被重读时,则获得对比含义。? 当中心词为专有名词时,其修饰语不论前置或后置通常都是非限制性的,不要重读,但若专有名词的修饰语受重读则获得对比含义或者根据上下文有对比含义,这就成了限制性修饰语。例如:? Old Tom was present at the meeting.(非限制性)? Old Tom didn’t turn up, but his son was there.(限制性)Р3.分隔修饰Р如果没有正当理由而把修饰语和被修饰语分隔开来,往往会造成病句。例如:? *Mr and Mrs Smith bought a collar for their dog with studs all over it. ? Mr and Mrs Smith bought their dog a collar with studs all over it. ? ? 在某些上下文中,分隔修饰语不仅是可取的,而且是必要的,这就是“分隔修饰”。? 分隔修饰(Discontinuous Modification)指名词中心词和它的修饰语被分隔的现象。