子光电流遏止电势差红限波粒二象性energyquantumphotoelectriceffectphotoelectronphotocurrentcutoffpotentialdifferencered-limitwave-ptonwavelengthrecoilelectronLymanseriesPaschenseriesBrackettseries普丰得系玻尔量子化条件玻尔氢原子玻尔频率条件玻尔半径能级PfundseriesBohrquantizationconditionBohrhydrogenatomBohrfrequencyconditionBohrradiusenergylevel能带基态激发态弗兰克-赫兹实验德布罗意波德布罗意波长energybandgroundstateexcitationstateFranck-HertzexperimentDeBrogliewaveDeBrogliewavelength德布罗意公式物质波戴维孙-革末实验不确定关系波函数DeBroglieformulamatterwaveDavissonGermerexperimentuncertaintyrelationwavefunction概率密度概率波归一化条件薛定谔方程定态定态薛定谔方程probabilitydensityprobabilitywavenormalizingconditionSchrödingerequationstationarystatestationarySchrödingerequation势阱对应原理隧道效应能量量子化主量子数角动量量子化potentialwellcorrespondenceprincipletunnelingeffectenergyquantizationprincipalquantumnumberangularquantization
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