0469Р0.0631Р0.0800Р∆nР0.0057Р0.0074Р0.0088Р0.0071Р0.0125Р0.162Р0.0169Р次数Р9Р10Р11Р12Р13Р14Рtn/℃Р47.5Р50.0Р52.5Р55.0Р57.5Р60.0Р62.5Р65.0Р(tn-t1)/℃Р22.5Р25.0Р27.5Р30.0Р32.5Р35.0Р37.5Р40.0Рnn/mmР0.0980Р0.1140Р0.1283Р0.1434Р0.1588Р0.1729Р0.1772Р0.1914Р(nn-n1)/mmР0.0975Р0.1135Р0.1278Р0.1429Р0.1583Р0.1724Р0.1767Р0.1909Р∆nР0.0175Р0.0160Р0.0143Р0.0151Р0.0154Р0.0141Р图像法:以nn-n1为纵坐标、以tn-t1为横坐标作图:Р因为R2=0.984≈1,故数据的正相关性很高。Р可得αL1=0.005,又因L1=400mm,α=0.005L1=0.005400=1.25×10-5℃-1Р逐差法:Р∆n=0.024062 mmР∆nA=(∆n-∆n)2n-1=0.0016 mm, ∆nB=0.001 mmРu∆n=∆nA2+∆nB2≈1.89×10-4 mmР同理∆t=17.5℃, ∆t=2.5℃,Р ∆tA=0 ℃,∆tB=0.2℃Рu∆t=∆tA2+∆tB2=0.2 ℃Р α=∆nL1∆t=0.614685400×2.5=Р六、误差分析:Р七、思考题:Р1、如果温度已上升超过你计划记录的一两个读数,可你还没来得及记录时,实验是Р否可以继续进行下去?为什么?Р2、如果因故实验需要重做,然而接近室温时温度下降得非常缓慢,有无必要用冷水Р把仪器冷却至室温后再做?Р3、与用蒸汽加热、仪器竖直放置、只测始末两个数据比较优缺点。Р八、附上原始数据:
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