土木工程专业毕业设计外文翻译--土木工程中的纳米技术

sthese“nano-effects”,however,thatultimatelydetermineallthepropertiesthatwearefamiliarwithatour“macro-scale”esin–ifwecanmanipulateelementsatthenanoscalewecanaffectthemacro-propertiesandproducesignificantlynewmaterialsandprocesses.B.WhatisNanotechnology? Nano,esfromtheGreekwordfordwarf.Onenanometreisabillionthofametre.Definitionsof‘nanotechnology’vary,butitgenerallyreferstounderstandingandmanipulationofmatteronthenanoscale,say,from0.1runto100nm.eintoplay(quantumphysics);Therearetwowaystoapproachthenanoscale:rowingfromthebottomup.The‘topdown’approachentailsreducingthesizeofthesmalleststructurestowardsthenanoscalebymachiningandetchingtechniques,whereasthe‘bottomup’approach,oftenreferredtoasmolecularnanotechnology,impliescontrolledordirectedself-assemblyofatomsandmoleculestocreatestructures[3].