大学英语语法主谓一致新

谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系, 这又叫做“主-动一致”( Subject-verb Concord )。Р指导原则Р1.语法一致原则(Grammatical Concord) ?主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。?Both boys have their own merits.?Much effort is wasted.Р2. 意义一致原则(Notional Concord)?1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词为复数。?The crowd were running for their lives.Р指导原则Р单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, police, cattle, militia等。?2) 主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。?The news was very exciting.?形复意单的单词有news, works (工厂)和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,physics, economics等。Р3. 就近原则(Principle of Proximity)Р谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…, but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。?Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.РI. 以S结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致Р1.以S结尾的表示疾病的名词作主语时谓语用单数? arthritis:关节炎 bronchitis :支气管炎? mumps:腮腺炎 diabetes:糖尿病? phlebitis:静脉炎?但是measles(麻疹),rickets(软骨病) 谓语可用单/复数