ematics, Newton invented calculus.微积分?In optics光学, he discovered that white light posed of all the colors of the spectrum.?In Physics, he discovered the law of the universal gravitation万有引力定律.?Newton’s discoveries were summarized in his great book Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy 《自然哲学的数学解读》РGottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz? (1646-1716)РLeibniz was a German philosopher, scientist, mathematician, historian and diplomat. He opposed the Cartesian account of matter. He believed that the world was made of simple, active, unconcerned and unextended substances, each from its point of view reflecting the whole universe, and all coordinated in pre-established harmony.?He and Newton invented independently the Differential and integral calculus.