csРSpeech Act Theory 言语行为理论РConversational Implicature 会话含义РRelevance Theory 关联理论РPost-Gricean Developments后格莱斯时期РDiectics(指示语) DiexisР person diecticsР place diecticsР time diecticsР discourse diectics Р social diecticsРPersonal deixisРI, you, she, he …РSocial deixisРYou vs. thou, vous vs. tu, 你vs您…РSpatial deixisРHere, there, this, that …РTemporal deixisРThen, now, yesterday, tomorrow, …РTextual deixisРThis, that, the above, the following, …Р Speech Act TheoryРAustin奥斯丁РOxford philosopherР1. Words and DeedsР 《言与行》(1952)Р2. How to Do Things with WordsР 《如何以言行事》(1962)Рwe are performing various kinds of acts when we are speaking.РAustin made the primary distinction between two types of utterances: constative(表述句) and performative(施为句)РBackgrounds for the proposing of the performative theory
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