namesofbooksandtradenames.现代英语中有大量由专有名词转化而来的普通名词。包括人名,地名,书称和商标名。Chapter51–Wordsarebutsymbols,manyofwhichhavemeaningonlywhentheyhaveacquiredreference.Referenceistherelationshipbetweenlanguageandtheworld.词只是符号,许多词只有获得所指后才有意义。指称是语言与周围世界的关系2-Meaningandconceptarecloselyconnectedbutnotidentical.Theyarebothrelateddirectlytoreferentsandarenotionsofthewordsbutbelongtodifferentcategories.意义与概念有紧密的联系,但并不等同。他们都直接与所指相关,都是词的概念,但属于不同的范畴。Concept,whichisbeyondlanguage,istheresultofhumancognition,reflectingtheobjectiveworldinthehumanmind.Itisuniversaltoallmenalikeregardlessofculture,race,languageandsoonwhereasmeaningbelongstolanguage,soisrestrictedtolanguageuse.Therefore,aconceptcanhaveasmanyreferringexpressionsastherearelanguagesintheworld.Eveninthesamelanguage,thesameconceptcanbeexpressedindifferentwords.
全文预览
