rees that programs that seek to enhance academic skills during the preschool years are a good thing. In fact, according to developmental psychologist David Elkind, United States society tends to push children so rapidly that they begin to feel stress and pressure ata young age. Elkind argues that academic ess is largely dependent upon factors such as inherited abilities and a child ’s rate of maturation , which parents can do nothing about . Consequently, children ofa particular age cannot be expected to master educational material without taking into account their current level of cognitive ( 认知的) development. In short, children require development appropriate educational practice, which is education that is based on both typical development and the unique characteristics ofa given child.