te and public, economic, ethical, and intellectual. Of course, higher education has a utilitarian function. In that regard, as Robert Bellah（罗伯特·贝拉）states, it possesses "its own legitimacy". Yet, it is crucial to combine and integrate that function with other aims and ends, with what Bellah calls " education for the development of character, citizenship, and culture. ''РР2.While it is true that living organisms are profoundly affected by their environment, it is equally important to remember that many organisms are also capable of altering their habitant significantly, sometimes limiting their own growth. The influence of the biological component of an ecosystem is often greater in fresh waters than that in marine or terrestrial systems, because of the small size of many freshwater bodies.
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