wherever=anyplace=nomatterwhere(无论何地)以上四个都是泛指。而what,who,when,when则是特指。Whospokeatthemeetingisunknown.(Thepersonwhospokeatthemeetingisknown.)Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.(Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.)注意:wh-ever不用形式主语it替代。(见基础篇讲义)分开写的whoever或whatever用于疑问句中表惊奇、愤怒等强烈感情。Whoever(=onearth)toldyouthat?whoever的宾格也用whoever,一般不用whomever。that与what引导的从句的异同相同点:都用来引导名词性从句。不同点有二:引导名词性从句时,that不作句子成分,也无意义,只起连接句子的作用。what则可在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语,且保持原疑问词的意义或表示“所……的事情”“所……的东西”等。Afteryearsofhardwork,shewasmadewhatshewas.(what引导的从句作宾语补足语,此时不用that)2)glad/sorry/afraid/happy/angry等形容词后可直接跟that引导的从句,原与形容词搭配的介词省略不用。what从句如果放在这些形容词后,形容词后介词要保留,不可省略。Hewasveryangrythatsomeofthestudentswasabsent.Iamverypleasedwithwhattheyhadsaid.五.感叹句形式的名词性从句主从、表从、宾从有时候是以感叹句形式出现在句中。Youneverthoughtwhatawonderfultimewehadattheparty.
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