ndex 1. Introduction: Arguments underpinning the work Safety management systems (SMS) are introduced into the construction industry as a formal system of managing site safety. Contractors are expected to manage site safety through formal SMS. It is important to evaluate how effective these systems are, so that deficiencies can be corrected. This study was carried out in collaboration with the Occupational Safety Department, Ministry of Manpower (MOM) and according to the authority there isno audit protocol to evaluate the effectiveness ofa construction site ’s SMS. The Singapore construction industry had implemented SMS and SMS auditing for about 10 years now, but the improvement in safety standard isnot significant. This is in contrast to the impact on the ship-building and ship-repairing
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